More than 1.3 million Australians received a diabetes diagnosis between 2000 and 2020, according to Diabetes: Australian facts from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW).
Around 63,900 people are diagnosed with diabetes each year, an average of 175 diagnoses a day. This includes type 1, type 2 and other types of diabetes, but excludes gestational diabetes.
Diabetes is a chronic condition marked by high levels of glucose in the blood. It is caused either by the inability to produce insulin (a hormone made by the pancreas to keep blood glucose levels in range) or by the body not being able to use insulin effectively, or both.
For the first time, linked ³Ô¹ÏÍøÕ¾ Diabetes Services Scheme and Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group state-based registry data has been used to show the sheer impact of diabetes on the Australian population by capturing a clear time series from 2000 to 2020.
‘The report primarily covers type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes. Overall, the number of people living with diabetes almost tripled between 2000 and 2020 from 460,000 to 1.3 million representing 2.4% to 4.3% of the population (age-standardised). Numbers have stabilised in the last decade, however, 1 in 20 Australians were living with the condition in 2020,’ said AIHW spokesperson Richard Juckes.
Type 2 diabetes comprises over 90% of diabetes cases in Australia, for which there were more than 48,000 people diagnosed in 2020 and 1.2 million (4.5%) Australians living with the condition.
‘Diabetes increases the risk of health complications, including heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness and lower limb amputation. It is also frequently associated with other chronic health conditions,’ said Mr. Juckes.
In 2020, diabetes was the underlying cause of death in around 5,100 deaths (29% of diabetes deaths). In a further 12,300 deaths (71% of diabetes deaths), diabetes itself did not lead directly to death, but was one of the complications of other diseases, such as cancer, coronary heart disease and stroke.
Diabetes is one of many conditions correlated with greater health consequences for people with COVID-19. Of the 4,700 hospitalisations involving a COVID-19 diagnosis in 2020–21, 20% of admitted patients had type 2 diabetes. Similarly, diabetes was a pre-existing condition in 20% of the 3,600 deaths due to COVID-19 between January 2020 and March 2022.
‘The prevalence of diabetes varies depending on where people live. After adjusting for age, Australians living in Remote and Very remote areas were 1.3 times more likely to be living with diabetes and 1.8 times more likely to die with diabetes compared to those living in Major cities,’ Mr. Juckes said.
An estimated $3.0 billion of health system expenditure was attributed to diabetes in 2018–19, representing 2.3% of total disease expenditure in Australia.
Today’s report includes real life case studies based on interviews. While these personal accounts are not necessarily representative of the circumstances of others and do not contain medical advice, they offer valuable insights into the diversity of people’s experiences with diabetes.
